m@dhu !

In research paper, to refer to the immediate previous reference the following term is used – ibid

In research paper to refer to an earlier but not immediately preceding reference, to the following term is used -- Ioc

RLN -- Research libraries and information retrieval system (1978)

·        Location: Scand ford, California

SWOT analysis developed by Albert Humphrey

CHECKMAT software is made for serial control in a library.

SIRNET (Scientific and Industrial Research Network)

·        lanched by NISCAIR in the year 1989.

CPM (Critical Path Method) techniques is developed by DUPONT

NAN -- Neighborhood area network

Index translationum -- UNESCO's database of book translations

NEPHIS (Nested Phrase Indexing System) -- an ad hoc string indexing system developed by Timothy Craven in 1986